ABSTRACT
Background: Family is an important protective factor in the prevention of risk behaviors in Chilean adolescents. Aim To determine the prevalence of risk and protective factors and behaviors in Chilean students, and to study the association between family functioning and adolescent risk behaviors. Material and methods: Descriptive cross sectional study of 815 adolescents aged 15 ± 2 years (51 percent male), studying 7th to 12th grade in three educational facilities in Santiago, Chile. They answered the Adolescent Risk Behavior Score, adapted from the Adolescent Health Survey and the "How is your family" survey of the Pan American Health Organization. Results: Tobacco, alcohol and marihuana consumption was reported by 31 percent, 27 percent and 24 percent of students, respectively. Twelve percent reported being sad all the time, 23 percent being desperate and 13 percent being anxious. Forty four percent have had a sexual intercourse. The risk to have these behaviors was greater in adolescents who perceive their families as dysfunctional. Conclusions: In this sample, there was a high prevalence of risk behaviors, emotional symptoms and premature sexual intercourse. The risk of having these behaviors is higher among students who perceive their families as dysfunctional. The study emphasizes the protective function of family in the prevention of risk behaviors in Chilean students.
Subject(s)
Adolescent , Female , Humans , Male , Adolescent Behavior , Family Relations , Risk-Taking , Students/statistics & numerical data , Adolescent Behavior/psychology , Affective Symptoms/epidemiology , Chile/epidemiology , Cross-Sectional Studies , Parenting/psychology , Prevalence , Risk Factors , Sex Distribution , Sexual Behavior/statistics & numerical data , Students/psychology , Substance-Related Disorders/epidemiologyABSTRACT
Introducción: La pancreatitis aguda recurrente (PAR) se define como episodios de pancreatitis aguda (PA) con resolución clínica y anatómica completa entre los episodios. Su etiología es heterogénea y en un 20-35 por ciento desconocida. Objetivo: Discutir el diagnóstico etiológico de PAR y el estudio más apropiado. Caso Clínico: Presentamos el caso de un niño de 9 años que presentó 6 episodios de pancreatitis aguda, cuatro de los cuales requirieron hospitalización. El estudio incluyó 3 estudios de tomografía computarizada de abdomen y pelvis, que mostraron hallazgos compatibles con PA en grado variable, colangiopancreatografía por resonancia magnética que no mostró hallazgos patológicos, estudio de bilis por sondeo duodenal positivo para cristales de bilirrubinato de calcio, estudio inmunológico y metabólico normal, test del sudor negativo y estudio de mutaciones para fibrosis quística negativo. Durante los episodios de PA, se realizaron 3 TAC abdominales que mostraron hallazgos compatibles con PA en grados variables (Baltasar C a E). Estudio genético para pancreatitis hereditaria fue negativo. Debido a nula respuesta con enzimas pancreáticas se realizó colecistectomía laparoscópica. Conclusión: La PAR, entidad poco frecuente en pediatría, debe sospecharse ante cuadros reiterados de dolor abdominal, asociados a elevación de amilasa y lipasa séricas, para iniciar estudio y manejo adecuado.